Process fuel (Gasoline, Diesel, Avtur, Kerosene)

Process fuel (Gasoline, Diesel, Avtur, Kerosene)Fuel is one of the most successful chemical products in the world, this product was introduced after the discovery of Carnot engine (fuel Gasoline) and Diesel (originally from peanut oil fired and then replaced with Automotive Diesel Oil or better known in Indonesia as the diesel oil). Two machines are useful for a replacement vehicle drive trains horses and steam railways.
Currently, fuel usage is dominated by the use of gasoline for the purposes of private vehicles such as cars and motorcycles. Diesel oil is also widely used as a fuel by State Power Generation Diesel (Diesel), particularly for the generation outside Java and Bali. Excellence diesel is that it can be turned off and turned on quickly and easily, just as we download the starter car / motorcycle. Why should PLTD? Because society outside Java is much more likely to use electricity only for lighting at night and look at the TV. This is much different from the people in Java, where the usage of the day and the nights are not so different, because during the day electricity is used for air conditioning plant and office machines.
These fuel-making process scheme:



The process begins with the search of oil, and if you have found oil and it is quite a lot, followed by pumping. Of course the process is not only pumped it, after that still need separation of water and other impurities. For wells that are old and oil has come down, the technology needs to be added to the remainder of the oil is still trapped in the rocks. The technology is called Enhanched Oil Recovery can be with the addition of steam, liquid surfactant, carbon dioxide gas or other chemicals.
Then the oil is transported to the processing plant oil (refinery), where the oil will be separated by distillation I (Distillation), which will produce three products namely LPG Fraction I, Fraction I Medium and Heavy Fraction I.
Fraction LPG from refineries I mostly go into Gasoline Isomerization reactor, some into the reforming reactor into gasoline and condensate.
Fraction was I entered the reactor hydroteating into kerosene, jet fuel and diesel oil / diesel.
Then I go heavy fraction Equipment Distillation / Distillation II produces LPG Faction II, Fraction II Medium and Heavy Fraction II. LPG Faction II is a lot we used to cook in the kitchen today.
Fractions were 2 partial entry Hidrocracking reactors then produce kerosene, jet fuel and diesel oil / diesel.
Weight Fraction 2 then go Coking process that produces two products namely asphalt and petroleum coke (petcoke / coke). Coke can also be a solid fuel such as coal.