understanding of erosion

Erosion is the annihilation events solids (sediment, soil, rock, and other particles) due to transport wind, water or ice, rainfall characteristics, soil creep and other materials under the influence of gravity, or by living things such as animals make burrows, in the case of This so-called bio-erosion. Erosion is not the same as a result of weathering the weather, which is the process of destruction of rock minerals by chemical or physical processes, or a combination of both.
Actual erosion is a natural process that is easily recognizable, but in most places this incident exacerbated by human activities in poor land use, deforestation, mining, plantation and farming, construction / development is not well ordered and construction of roads. Land used to produce crops usually have a much greater erosion of land with natural vegetation. Conversion of forest lands into agricultural fields increased erosion, due to the structure of forest plant roots bind the soil was replaced with a stronger root structure of the weaker crops. However, land use practices can limit erosion developed, using techniques such as terrace-building, conservation practice fields and planting trees.
The impact of erosion is the depletion of the upper layer of the soil surface, which will cause menurunnnya ability of the land (land degradation). Another consequence of the erosion is decreased ability of soil to absorb water (infiltration). Decrease the ability of the land to absorb water in the soil will increase surface water runoff that would result in flooding on the river. Besides soil particle transported by surface runoff will eventually settle to the river (sedimentation) are further due to high sedimentation will cause siltation of the river that will affect the smooth running of the shipping lanes.
Erosion in a certain amount is actually a natural occurrence, and good for the ecosystem. For example, regular gravel down to lower elevations through water transport. excessive erosion, of course, can lead to problems, such as in the case of sedimentation, ecosystem damage and loss of water altogether.
The amount of erosion depends on many factors. Climate factors, including the amount and intensity of rainfall / precipitation, and the average temperature ranges, as well as the season, wind speed, storm frequency. factors including the type of sedimentary geology, rock type, porosity and permeability, kemiringn land. Biological factors include vegetation cover land, creatures who live on the land and land use ooleh humans.
Generally, the same ecosystem and vegetation, areas with high rainfall, rainfall frequency, more frequent contact with wind or storm certainly more exposed to erosion. high sediment content of sand or silt, located in areas with steep slopes, more easily eroded, so did the area with weathered rock or rock breaks. porosity and permeability of the sediment or rock affect the speed of erosion, whether or not related easily seep into the ground water. If the water moves underground, surface runoff formed less, thus reducing erosion. Sediments contain a lot of clay tends to be easier than sand or silt bererosi. The impact of atmospheric sodium on erodibility of clay should also be noted
The factors that most often fickle is the amount and type of land cover. in undisturbed forest, the mineral soil is protected by a layer of topsoil and organic layers. two layers protect the soil by reducing the impact of raindrops. layers and their litter on the forest floor is porous and easily absorbs rainwater. Typically, only the heavy rains (sometimes accompanied by gale) who will lead the runoff on the ground in the forest. when trees are removed by fire or logging, a high degree of water infiltration and erosion is low. Severe fires can lead to increased erosion if followed premises prominently heavy rain. in terms of construction or road building, when the litter layer / topsoil removed or compacted, the degree of vulnerability of the soil to erosion increased height.
roads, specifically allow for increased degrees of erosion, because, in addition to eliminating land cover, roads can significantly change drainage patterns, especially if an embankment is made to support the road. The road has a lot of rocks and hydrologically invisible (to catch the water as quickly as possible out of the way, by mimicking natural drainage patterns) has a great chance to not cause erosion increase.